ci(release): replace standard-version with semantic-release (#1666)

[`standard-version`](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/standard-version/) has been deprecated since May 2022, so it is necessary to stop using it for this project.

[**`semantic-release`**](https://github.com/semantic-release/semantic-release) is available as a more capable alternative to help automate the release process:

1. Updating Node/Gem version numbers
2. Generating changelogs
3. Automating GitHub Releases
4. Building Chirpy-gem and pushing it to RubyGems.org
5. Create commits and tags on the `production` branch
6. Merge the `production` branch into the `master` branch

> ⚠️ Note: Step _6_ may be canceled in CD environments due to merge conflicts, so we need to do this step manually in such cases.

Whenever a commit is pushed to the release branch (`production`), all of the above release processes will be triggered.

.github/workflows/cd.yml

@@ -1,17 +1,37 @@
 name: CD
+
 on:
   push:
-    tags:
-      - "v[0-9]+.[0-9]+.[0-9]+"
     branches:
-      - docs
+      - production
+    tags-ignore:
+      - "**"
 
 jobs:
-  launch:
+  release:
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      issues: write
+      pull-requests: write
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - run: |
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-          curl -X POST -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
+
-            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}" \
+      - uses: ruby/setup-ruby@v1
-            https://api.github.com/repos/${{ secrets.BUILDER }}/dispatches \
+        with:
-            -d '{"event_type":"deploy", "client_payload":{"branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"}}'
+          ruby-version: 3.2
+          bundler-cache: true
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: latest
+
+      - run: npm install
+      - run: npx semantic-release
+        env:
+          GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          GEM_HOST_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.GEM_HOST_API_KEY }}
+
+  publish:
+    needs: release
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/publish.yml

.github/workflows/publish.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+name: Publish
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - docs
+  workflow_call:
+
+jobs:
+  launch:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - run: |
+          curl -X POST -H "Accept: application/vnd.github+json" \
+            -H "Authorization: Bearer ${{ secrets.GH_PAT }}" \
+            https://api.github.com/repos/${{ secrets.BUILDER }}/dispatches \
+            -d '{"event_type":"deploy", "client_payload":{"branch": "${{ github.ref_name }}"}}'

docs/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 # Changelog
 
-All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file. See [standard-version](https://github.com/conventional-changelog/standard-version) for commit guidelines.
-
 ## [6.5.5](https://github.com/cotes2020/jekyll-theme-chirpy/compare/v6.5.4...v6.5.5) (2024-03-23)
 
 ### Bug Fixes

package.json

@@ -28,10 +28,15 @@
     "@commitlint/config-conventional": "^19.1.0",
     "@rollup/plugin-babel": "^6.0.4",
     "@rollup/plugin-terser": "^0.4.4",
+    "@semantic-release/changelog": "^6.0.3",
+    "@semantic-release/exec": "^6.0.3",
+    "@semantic-release/git": "^10.0.1",
+    "conventional-changelog-conventionalcommits": "^7.0.2",
     "husky": "^9.0.11",
     "rimraf": "^5.0.5",
     "rollup": "^4.13.2",
     "rollup-plugin-license": "^3.3.1",
+    "semantic-release": "^23.0.8",
     "stylelint": "^16.3.1",
     "stylelint-config-standard-scss": "^13.0.0"
   },
@@ -89,24 +94,76 @@
       "media-feature-range-notation": "prefix"
     }
   },
-  "standard-version": {
+  "release": {
-    "skip": {
+    "branches": [
-      "commit": true,
+      "production"
-      "tag": true
+    ],
-    },
+    "plugins": [
-    "types": [
+      [
-      {
+        "@semantic-release/commit-analyzer",
-        "type": "feat",
+        {
-        "section": "Features"
+          "preset": "conventionalcommits"
-      },
+        }
-      {
+      ],
-        "type": "fix",
+      [
-        "section": "Bug Fixes"
+        "@semantic-release/release-notes-generator",
-      },
+        {
-      {
+          "preset": "conventionalcommits",
-        "type": "perf",
+          "presetConfig": {
-        "section": "Improvements"
+            "types": [
-      }
+              {
+                "type": "feat",
+                "section": "Features"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "fix",
+                "section": "Bug Fixes"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "perf",
+                "section": "Improvements"
+              },
+              {
+                "type": "refactor",
+                "section": "Changes",
+                "hidden": true
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        "@semantic-release/changelog",
+        {
+          "changelogFile": "docs/CHANGELOG.md",
+          "changelogTitle": "# Changelog"
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        "@semantic-release/npm",
+        {
+          "npmPublish": false
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        "@semantic-release/exec",
+        {
+          "prepareCmd": "bash tools/release --prepare",
+          "publishCmd": "bash tools/release"
+        }
+      ],
+      [
+        "@semantic-release/git",
+        {
+          "assets": [
+            "docs",
+            "package.json",
+            "*.gemspec"
+          ],
+          "message": "chore(release): ${nextRelease.version}\n\n${nextRelease.notes}"
+        }
+      ],
+      "@semantic-release/github"
     ]
   }
 }

tools/release

@@ -1,56 +1,47 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 #
-# Release a new version to the GitLab flow production branch.
-#
-# For a new major/minor version, bump version on the main branch, and then merge into the production branch.
-#
-# For a patch version, bump the version number on the patch branch, then merge that branch into the main branch
-# and production branch.
-#
-#
-# Usage: run on the default, release or the patch branch
-#
 # Requires: Git, NPM and RubyGems
 
 set -eu
 
-opt_pre=false # preview mode option
+opt_pre=false # option for bump gem version
+opt_pkg=false # option for building gem package
 
-working_branch="$(git branch --show-current)"
+MAIN_BRANCH="master"
-
+RELEASE_BRANCH="production"
-DEFAULT_BRANCH="$(git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD | sed 's@^refs/remotes/origin/@@')"
-
-PROD_BRANCH="production"
 
 GEM_SPEC="jekyll-theme-chirpy.gemspec"
-NODE_CONFIG="package.json"
+NODE_SPEC="package.json"
-CHANGE_LOG="docs/CHANGELOG.md"
+CHANGELOG="docs/CHANGELOG.md"
+CONFIG="_config.yml"
 
 JS_DIST="assets/js/dist"
-BACKUP_PATH="$(mktemp -d)"
 
 FILES=(
   "$GEM_SPEC"
-  "$NODE_CONFIG"
+  "$NODE_SPEC"
+  "$CHANGELOG"
+  "$CONFIG"
 )
 
 TOOLS=(
   "git"
   "npm"
-  "standard-version"
   "gem"
 )
 
 help() {
-  echo "A tool to release new version Chirpy gem"
+  echo -e "A tool to release new version Chirpy gem.\nThis tool will:"
+  echo "  1. Build a new gem and publish it to RubyGems.org"
+  echo "  2. Merge the release branch into the default branch"
   echo
   echo "Usage:"
-  echo
+  echo "  bash ./tools/release [options]"
-  echo "   bash ./tools/release [options]"
   echo
   echo "Options:"
-  echo "     -p, --preview            Enable preview mode, only package, and will not modify the branches"
+  echo "  --prepare           Preparation for release"
-  echo "     -h, --help               Print this information."
+  echo "  -p, --package       Build a gem package only, for local packaging in case of auto-publishing failure"
+  echo "  -h, --help          Display this help message"
 }
 
 _check_cli() {
@@ -70,11 +61,9 @@ _check_git() {
     exit 1
   fi
 
-  $opt_pre || (
+  $opt_pkg || (
-    if [[ $working_branch != "$DEFAULT_BRANCH" &&
+    if [[ "$(git branch --show-current)" != "$RELEASE_BRANCH" ]]; then
-      $working_branch != hotfix/* &&
+      echo "> Abort: Please run the tool in the '$RELEASE_BRANCH' branch."
-      $working_branch != "$PROD_BRANCH" ]]; then
-      echo "> Abort: Please run on the default, release or patch branch."
       exit 1
     fi
   )
@@ -103,108 +92,95 @@ check() {
   _check_node_packages
 }
 
-# Auto-generate a new version number to the file 'package.json'
+## Bump new version to gem-spec file
-bump_node() {
+_bump_version() {
-  bump="standard-version -i $CHANGE_LOG"
+  _version="$(grep '"version":' "$NODE_SPEC" | sed 's/.*: "//;s/".*//')"
+  sed -i "s/[[:digit:]]\+\.[[:digit:]]\+\.[[:digit:]]\+/$_version/" "$GEM_SPEC"
+  echo "> Bump gem version to $_version"
+}
 
-  if $opt_pre; then
+_improve_changelog() {
-    bump="$bump -p rc"
-  fi
-
-  eval "$bump"
-
-  # Change heading of Patch version to heading level 2 (a bug from `standard-version`)
-  sed -i "s/^### \[/## \[/g" "$CHANGE_LOG"
   # Replace multiple empty lines with a single empty line
-  sed -i "/^$/N;/^\n$/D" "$CHANGE_LOG"
+  sed -i '/^$/N;/^\n$/D' "$CHANGELOG"
+  # Escape left angle brackets of HTML tag in the changelog as they break the markdown structure. e.g., '<hr>'
+  sed -i -E 's/\s(<[a-z])/ \\\1/g' "$CHANGELOG"
 }
 
-## Bump new version to gem config file
+prepare() {
-bump_gem() {
+  _bump_version
-  _ver="$1"
+  _improve_changelog
-
-  if $opt_pre; then
-    _ver="${1/-/.}"
-  fi
-
-  sed -i "s/[[:digit:]]\+\.[[:digit:]]\+\.[[:digit:]]\+/$_ver/" "$GEM_SPEC"
-}
-
-# Creates a new tag on the production branch with the given version number.
-# Also commits the changes and merges the production branch into the default branch.
-branch() {
-  _version="$1" # X.Y.Z
-
-  git add .
-  git commit -m "chore(release): $_version"
-
-  # Create a new tag on production branch
-  echo -e "> Create tag v$_version\n"
-  git tag "v$_version"
-
-  git checkout "$DEFAULT_BRANCH"
-  git merge --no-ff --no-edit "$PROD_BRANCH"
-
-  if [[ $working_branch == hotfix/* ]]; then
-    # delete the patch branch
-    git branch -D "$working_branch"
-  fi
 }
 
 ## Build a Gem package
 build_gem() {
-  git checkout "$PROD_BRANCH"
+  if $opt_pkg; then
+    BACKUP_PATH="$(mktemp -d)"
+    cp "$JS_DIST"/* "$BACKUP_PATH"
+  fi
 
   # Remove unnecessary theme settings
-  sed -i "s/^cdn:.*/cdn:/;s/^avatar:.*/avatar:/" _config.yml
+  sed -i "s/^cdn:.*/cdn:/;s/^avatar:.*/avatar:/" $CONFIG
   rm -f ./*.gem
 
   npm run build
   git add "$JS_DIST" -f # add JS distribution files to gem
   gem build "$GEM_SPEC"
-  cp "$JS_DIST"/* "$BACKUP_PATH"
 
-  # Resume the settings
+  # resume the settings
   git reset
   git checkout .
 
-  # restore the dist files for future development
+  if $opt_pkg; then
-  mkdir -p "$JS_DIST" && cp "$BACKUP_PATH"/* "$JS_DIST"
+    # restore the dist files for future development
+    mkdir -p "$JS_DIST" && cp "$BACKUP_PATH"/* "$JS_DIST"
+    rm -rf "$BACKUP_PATH"
+  fi
+}
 
-  # back to the default branch
+# Push the gem to RubyGems.org (using $GEM_HOST_API_KEY)
-  git checkout "$DEFAULT_BRANCH"
+push_gem() {
+  gem push ./*.gem
+}
+
+## Merge the release branch into the default branch
+merge() {
+  git fetch origin "$MAIN_BRANCH"
+  git checkout -b "$MAIN_BRANCH" origin/"$MAIN_BRANCH"
+
+  git merge --no-ff --no-edit "$RELEASE_BRANCH" || (
+    git merge --abort
+    echo -e "\n> Conflict detected. Aborting merge.\n"
+    exit 0
+  )
+
+  git push origin "$MAIN_BRANCH"
 }
 
 main() {
   check
 
-  if [[ $opt_pre = false && $working_branch != "$PROD_BRANCH" ]]; then
+  if $opt_pre; then
-    git checkout "$PROD_BRANCH"
+    prepare
-    git merge --no-ff --no-edit "$working_branch"
+    exit 0
   fi
 
-  bump_node
-
-  _version="$(grep '"version":' "$NODE_CONFIG" | sed 's/.*: "//;s/".*//')"
-
-  bump_gem "$_version"
-
-  if [[ $opt_pre = false ]]; then
-    branch "$_version"
-  fi
-
-  echo -e "> Build the gem package for v$_version\n"
-
   build_gem
+  $opt_pkg && exit 0
+  push_gem
+  merge
 }
 
 while (($#)); do
   opt="$1"
   case $opt in
-  -p | --preview)
+  --prepare)
     opt_pre=true
     shift
     ;;
+  -p | --package)
+    opt_pkg=true
+    shift
+    ;;
   -h | --help)
     help
     exit 0